Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs can be an important aid to help a loved one live more independently at home. But if not designed correctly they could be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require landings to must be level with any change in direction, so as to avoid compound slopes. They also need to provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs can comfortably navigate the structure. The ramp's slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings should be level at any change of direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed out of treated lumber that is more robust and can withstand precipitation much better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp must be clear of obstacles such as trees, bushes or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. Additionally the surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.

Use treated lumber of at minimum 4 inches in width for the ramp frame. Create posts to anchor the ramp, making sure they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend below ground level. The posts must then be connected to the ramp's railings using spindles. This kind of connection is preferred because it decreases the chance of an operator of the ramp falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, construct the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and joists at least 16 inch long. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and that they're secured with joist hangers which are nails that hold the inside of the joists to stop them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing to the doorway so that wheelchair ramps for thresholds ramp 4ft (apk.tw noted) occupants can easily manage the doorswing. The landing should be wide enough to give at least 12-24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side for out-swing doors. The landing for doors with in-swinging should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as wheelchair users who need to walk backwards in the doorway.

Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes at corners. A level landing makes it easier to move a ramp out of the way if required, so that lawnmowers and other equipment can move under it.

Materials

The material used to construct the ramp for wheelchairs can be wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer will help you choose the best option for your office or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it's crucial to consider your budget and the specific requirements. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe for use. Certain cities require that the ramp be laid out with a non-slip, non-slip surface.

Be sure to inquire with your local government for permits prior to building or buying any materials. Also, be sure to follow all local building codes. Using the incorrect materials or construction techniques could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current construction guidelines in your local government building department, library or on the internet.

Wood ramps can be the cheapest option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. Wood ramps must be regularly treated with an adhesive to stop the onset of rot. Wood splinters can be a problem, and is particularly hazardous for those who are in wheelchairs. Wood ramps may also require extra support to keep the structure in place.

Concrete ramps can be expensive but they are also durable and long lasting. They are heavy, which means that more work is required to construct them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp once no longer needed. Concrete ramps are able to withstand the weight of heavy power wheelchair ramps for vans wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter and less expensive than concrete or steel ramp for wheelchair. They also have the same durability, strength, and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than steel or iron, which makes them an ideal choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is also environmentally friendly as it is naturally found in the Earth's crust, and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing must be level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door to allow wheelchairs with smaller wheels to move across the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this will not meet ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly from the upper landing to the ground. The final section of the ramp should be a beveled transitions to avoid the abrupt stop of wheelchairs when they exit or enter an apartment.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is erected as an addition or instead of steps. It lets wheelchair users and those who use strollers or carts to navigate areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach like a front door or a set of steep steps.

When choosing a wheelchair bridge ramp accessible ramp, there are many aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height, and cost. The ramp should be located closest to the door to avoid unnecessary traveling. It should be located at a level where the person using it is able to easily walk on it. It should also be properly anchored to the ground and clear of obstructions like the trees or cars parked.

ADA regulations require that ramps must have handrails on either side. The rails should be at minimum 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches beyond it. Handrails should be continuous if the ramp is designed with switchbacks or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by the slope. However there are a few standard ramp types which are suitable for all situations. For instance, a threshold ramp sits directly on the lip of a curb or the threshold of a doorway while ramps that are portable can be moved from one location to another and come in many different sizes. There are also modular aluminum ramps that can be built on-site. These are usually used in public or commercial areas and are typically longer than the threshold and ramps that are portable.

If you are considering a permanent ramp, make sure you check with your city's building department to see if you need permits. You should also speak to an expert in mobility about the kind of ramp that will work best for your needs and space. In some cases installing an all-weather ramp can increase the resale value of your home.

Maintenance

It's important to make sure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if will be using it frequently. You'll have to conduct regular inspections, and fix any structural issues that occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to get rid of dirt and other debris that may hinder access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also stop moisture from trapping under the surface and creating decay. Preservatives and stains for wood only work only if the ramp is cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more prone to wear and tear. The most important thing is to make sure you have the appropriate tools for the job. To make sure that all fixings are secure and secure you'll need an appropriate set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. It's also important to check regularly the handrails to make sure they are in good working order and do not show signs of corrosion or damage. It is possible that over time, as they are used repeatedly some of the fittings and bolts which hold the handrails in place could loosen and pose a serious safety risk for those using the ramp.

Another crucial aspect is to ensure that the surface of the ramp has enough grip, especially in winter, when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to clean up any dirt, leaves or other debris that could obstruct and cause slippage. It is also recommended to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive to the ramp's surface to avoid injuries and slipping.

If you're planning on using your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing wheels for traction, or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are designed to be more efficient on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will help you stay on your ramp for longer than standard wheelchair mobility ramps tires. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it gets accumulated.